Transcription and Translation
- What is transcription and what is the process?
- DNA transcription is a process that involves the transcribing of genetic information from DNA to RNA.
- Process: -DNA is transcribed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase
-Transcription factors unwind the DNA strand and allow RNA polymerase to transcribe only a single strand of DNA into a single stranded RNA polymer called messenger RNA (mRNA).
-RNA polymerase moves along the DNA until it reaches a terminator sequence. At that point, RNA polymerase releases the mRNA polymer and detaches from the DNA.
- Where is transcription located?
- What is the purpose of Transcription?
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- Whats is Translation and what is the process?
-Process: -Each set of 3 bases on the mRNA is called a codon. Each codon calls for a specific amino acid to be brought to the building site.
-On one end of a tRNA molecule is the anticodon: a set of three bases that will match a certain codon. The other end of the tRNA can pick up and hold a certain amino acid.
- A tRNA with an anticodon that matches whichever codon is in place on the ribosome goes into place.
-The process moves along to the next codon
-The amino acid brought by the first tRNA bonds to the amino acid brought by the second tRNA. The first tRNA is free to go, and the second tRNA stays in place for now.
- Where is Translation located?
-Translation occurs in the cytoplasm.
- What is the purpose behind Translation?
- Without translation, your body would not be able to make new proteins which aid in the construction and reconstruction of cells.